Improving Homogeneity of 3D-Printed Cementitious Material Distribution for Radial Toolpath

The 3D cementitious material printing method is an extrusion-based additive manufacturing strategy in which materials are extruded through a dynamic nozzle system to form filaments. Despite its ability fabricate structures with high complexity and efficiency, the uneven distribution during extrusion deposition process often encountered when radial toolpath introduced. This limits design freedom parameters that can be utilized printing. Here, we report facile overcome existing challenges of non-homogeneity by rationally developing new geometries passively compensate differential rate conventional rectangular nozzles. Using two-phase numerical study, showed our has potential achieving homogeneous mass even travel speed unfavorably high, while filament from remains highly non-homogenous. unevenness reduced 1.35 1.23 0.98 after adopting trapezoid gaussian nozzles, indicating improvements 34.3% 94.2%, respectively. work not only outlines methodology for improving quality corner/curved features 3DCMP, but also introduces adopted other fabrication techniques inertia.